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Oct 8 2024

Lab-grown food may be a step closer to being approved in UK as watchdog to research its safety | UK News

Lab-grown meat and vegetable products may be getting closer to approval for consumption in the UK as the food safety watchdog will be researching them to ensure they are safe.

Cell-cultivated products (CCPs) are a new type of food made without using traditional farming methods such as rearing livestock or growing plants and grains.

Their attraction for both consumers and investors lies in their apparent sustainability as they don’t need huge amounts of land, while the greenhouse gas emissions resulting from livestock are also slashed.

With the use of science and technology, cells from plants or animals are grown in a controlled environment to make the new product.

There are currently no CCPs approved for human consumption in the UK.

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The Food Standards Agency (FSA), with Food Standards Scotland, won the bid to be awarded £1.6m in funding from the government’s Engineering Biology Sandbox Fund (EBSF) for the two-year programme.

Announcing the funding, the FSA said it needed to learn “about these products and how they’re made, to make sure they’re safe to for consumers to eat”.

“This information will enable us to make well-informed and more timely science and evidence-based recommendations about product safety and address questions that must be answered before any CCPs can enter the market.

“It will also allow us to better guide companies on how to make products in a safe way and how to demonstrate this to us.”

Professor Robin May, chief scientific advisor at the FSA, said: “Ensuring consumers can trust the safety of new foods is one of our most crucial responsibilities.

“The CCP sandbox programme will enable safe innovation and allow us to keep pace with new technologies being used by the food industry to ultimately provide consumers with a wider choice of safe foods.”

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Mar 26 2024

Preventative cancer therapies can cause the disease to ‘hibernate’ and return later, research suggests | UK News

Preventative treatment designed to stop the recurrence of breast cancer can actually cause the cancer cells to mutate and ‘hibernate’, only to grow again years later, according to new findings.

Researchers who set out to explain why breast cancer can return years after initial treatment have found that hormone therapies used to prevent breast cancer from recurring, can trigger changes in some cells.

These changes cause the cells to lie dormant instead of dying off, and the cells “wake up” years later, causing a relapse that is harder to treat.

But the study has found there may be a way to target these “sleeping” breast cancer cells before they wake up, offering new hope for patients with oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer – which makes up 80% of all breast cancers.

Luca Magnani, professor of epigenetic plasticity at The Institute of Cancer Research, London, said: “After surgery to remove primary oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer, patients are given five to 10 years of hormone therapy which aims to kill any remaining cancer cells.

“We know that this doesn’t work for all patients though, as their breast cancer can return years, or even decades later.

“We wanted to better understand why breast cancer does return so we can hopefully find ways to stop it – so people don’t have to live in fear or face the devastating news of a relapse.

“Our research identified a key mechanism used by cancer cells to evade therapy by remaining in a dormant state, hibernating before they ‘wake up’ years later and begin to rapidly divide again.”

The study, published in the journal Cancer Discovery, found that inhibiting an enzyme known as G9a prevented cancer cells from becoming dormant and killed the cells that were already hibernating.

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Dr Tayyaba Jiwani, science engagement manager at Cancer Research UK – which funded the research, said: “Breast cancer survival has doubled in the UK over the last 50 years thanks to better detection and screening, but there are still more than 11,000 deaths from this type of cancer every year.

“Although at an early stage, the findings reveal potential new targets for the development of innovative treatments that prevent breast cancer from coming back.”

Breast cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death among UK women, behind lung cancer, with around 11,400 deaths every year (2017-2019), Cancer Research UK said.

In 2022-23, almost 19,000 women across England were diagnosed with the disease thanks to the NHS screening programme.

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Oct 31 2023

Little Britain sketch ‘explicitly racist and outdated’, Ofcom research says | Ents & Arts News

A Little Britain sketch has been called “explicitly racist and outdated” by Ofcom audience research.

The sketch featured in the television show, which was written and performed by David Walliams and Matt Lucas and aired from 2003 until 2006.

It depicts Walliams using racist language to describe an Asian student.

As part of a study into audience expectations on potentially offensive content across linear TV and streaming services, television regulator Ofcom showed people a number of clips.

Participants said they viewed the Little Britain content as “explicitly racist and outdated, and felt that society had moved on”.

“A few participants said they found it funny but seemed embarrassed to say this and could recognise why it would be offensive,” the report said.

Others were also surprised that the episode was still available to watch on BBC iPlayer, while some said video on demand platforms (VoD) were more appropriate for the content as they give viewers a choice about watching or not.

For some, the content was considered too problematic, even for VoD, the report said.

On iPlayer, the episode currently features a warning before a viewer clicks on the show, reading: “Contains adult humour. Contains discriminatory language.”

Viewers in the Ofcom study did not think the current rating was enough, suggesting that a warning about “the racist language and an explanation for why it was still accessible” was needed.

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The BBC defended its decision to show the sketch, saying it is “intended to expose and ridicule some of the outdated prejudices and racism that still exists in parts of British society, which is more apparent when viewing the sketches within the context of a full episode, and across the series as a whole”.

A spokesperson for the broadcaster said: “All jokes in our output are judged on context and intent.

“The programme is part of the BBC’s comedy archive, and information is provided for iPlayer viewers about the inclusion of discriminatory language.”

While some participants agreed the sketch was important as it reflects the beliefs of society at the time, others were concerned that it could normalise racist behaviours that could be repeated by young children.

“If I saw my daughter watching that and then mimicking it, I’d be horrified,” one respondent, a father from Scotland, said.

He added: “If kids are watching it, they need it to be explained that that’s not acceptable. It’s passed off as acceptable behaviour towards fellow human beings that come from a different part of the world.”

Other episodes of Little Britain have previously been removed from streaming services following criticism over the use of blackface.

Clips from Jimmy Carr’s stand-up special His Dark Material, which is available on Netflix, Channel 4 show The Handmaid’s Tale, Amazon Prime Video’s The Boys and Disney animation The Aristocats, which is on Disney+, were also shown to respondents during the Ofcom research.

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Jul 20 2023

TikTok most popular source for news among teenagers, Ofcom research finds | UK News

TikTok is now the most popular single source of news for teenagers in the UK, according to research by Ofcom.

The media regulator found that the video-sharing app is used by 28% of 12 to 15-year-olds for finding out about current affairs, a higher proportion than any other platform.

YouTube and Instagram are joint second, with both used by 25% of those in the age group for the purpose, according to the regulator’s News Consumption In The UK 2022/23 report.

It comes as the internet increasingly replaces traditional print media as a news source among the general public.

Some 68% of UK adults now use online sources for news, compared with just 26% for physical newspapers, the Ofcom research found.

However TV remains the most popular platform, with 70% of adults tuning in to find out about current events – with the figure rising to 75% when on-demand content is included.

Nic Newman, a senior research associate at the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, said that while TikTok has often been seen as a platform for lighter topics rather than “serious” news, events such as the COVID pandemic had changed perceptions.

He said: “COVID was a big change because people were at home and people were talking about COVID on TikTok and people had a bit of time.

“That’s a case of very serious news being carried on TikTok.

“Passions and celebrity news, that’s a big part of what’s going on with the younger people, but there’s also serious news, that’s the wider big shift.”

It comes after a separate study also recently found that TiKTok is growing in popularity as a source for news among young people around the world.

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Across all age groups, Facebook continues to be the most used social media platform for accessing news. However, it is showing signs of decline after reaching only 30% of adults in the last year – down from 35% in 2019, Ofcom said.

In contrast, TikTok has seen a “significant” increase in popularity as a news source and is now used by 10% of adults for the purpose – up from just 1% in 2020.

Despite the rise of TikTok, 45% of 12 to 15-year-olds said they were not interested in the news – with almost half saying they found it “too boring”. A further 16% said they found it “too upsetting”.

The app has also faced growing criticism and concern among western governments in recent years over its alleged links to the Chinese government, leading to the platform being banned on government devices in Australia, Canada, the EU and the UK.

TikTok’s owner, Chinese internet company ByteDance, has denied sharing data with officials in Beijing.

In April the company was fined £12.7m for breaches of data protection law, including using the personal data of children aged under 13 without parental consent.

The Information Commissioner’s Office estimated that around 1.4 million under-13s in the UK were routinely using TikTok – despite its rules stating that you must be 13 or over to create an account.

Ofcom’s research, which included interviews with more than 1,000 young people, also found that 23% of those aged 12 to 15 were most interested in news relating to “sports or sports personalities”.

A further 15% said they were keen to find out about “music news or singers”, while 11% said they wanted to keep up-to-date with the latest on “celebrities or famous people”.

Social media platforms are also among the top news outlets for young people aged 16 to 24, the report found.

Instagram is the most popular single news source, with 44% of the age group using it for that purpose, while 29% said they use TikTok for find out the latest on current affairs.

Only one in 10 said they consumed no news at all, compared with 5% of UK adults overall.

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May 3 2023

Value of unpaid carers in England and Wales equal to NHS multi billion-pound budget, according to research | UK News

The value of unpaid care in England and Wales is almost equivalent to a second NHS, according to a new research estimate.

Unpaid carers save the government £162bn per year in the two nations, research by charity, Carers UK and the University of Sheffield has found.

They compared this to an estimated £164bn in funding for the NHS in 2020-21.

The figures show that within a decade, the economic value to the country of unpaid carers has increased by 29% – a hefty saving to the health care budget.

In comparison, the cost of replacement care – paid carers – was valued at £25 per hour in 2021 and £18 per hour in 2011.

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It comes as a result of fewer carers providing more hours of care, which was called “deeply concerning” by Helen Walker, Carers UK chief executive.

“The ever-declining availability of social care means there is shrinking support for families to pull on – and they are left without a choice but to put other areas of their life on hold and provide more care,” she said.

“Having to care round the clock for a loved one has significant implications for people’s ability to stay in paid work, remain financially resilient and maintain their health.”

She called on the government to create a funded national carers’ strategy, that supports those on low incomes.

A spokesperson for the Department of Health and Social Care said: “We all owe unpaid carers a huge amount of gratitude for the time and care they give their friends and family.”

They said they have set out a social care reform plan – Next Steps to Put People at the Heart of Care – which aims to deliver £700m in funding over the next two years – including up to an additional £25m for unpaid carers.

“We are finalising plans for how we deliver the funding for unpaid carers committed in the People at the Heart of Care Next Steps plan, and will provide an update in due course,” they said.

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